CMake
CMake is an open-source, cross-platform family of tools designed to build, test and package software. It is used to control the software compilation process using simple platform and compiler independent configuration files. CMake can generate native makefiles and workspaces that can be used in the compiler environment of your choice¹. Is there anything else you would like to know about CMake?
출처: Bing과의 대화, 2023. 4. 5.
(1) CMake. https://cmake.org/.
(2) Download | CMake. https://cmake.org/download/.
(3) [CMake 튜토리얼] 1. CMake 소개와 예제, 내부 동작 원리 - ECE - TUWLAB. https://www.tuwlab.com/ece/27234.
What is the difference between Cmake and ohter C++ Compiler?
CMake is not a compiler itself. It is a build system generator that can generate native build files for various compilers and platforms. CMake generates build files based on the configuration files you provide, and then you can use those build files with your preferred compiler to compile your C++ code. Would you like to know more about CMake or C++ compilers?
Then, What is bulid files?
Build files are files that contain instructions for building software. They specify how to compile the source code, link libraries, and create executables or libraries. Build files can be specific to a particular build system or compiler. For example, Makefiles are build files for the `make` build system and Visual Studio project files are build files for the Visual Studio compiler. CMake can generate these build files for you based on the configuration files you provide. Is there anything else you would like to know?
What kinds of information and instructions does the makefile contain?
A Makefile is a build file used by the `make` build system. It contains a set of rules and dependencies that specify how to build the software. Each rule specifies a target file that needs to be built, the dependencies that the target file depends on, and the commands to execute to build the target file. The `make` program reads the Makefile and uses the rules and dependencies to determine the order in which to build the target files and which commands to execute. Would you like more information on Makefiles or the `make` build system?
Okay, then, What is target files?
In the context of a Makefile, a target file is a file that needs to be built or updated. It can be an object file, an executable, a library, or any other file that is generated as part of the build process. Each rule in a Makefile specifies a target file and the dependencies and commands needed to build it. When you run `make`, it reads the Makefile and determines which target files need to be built or updated based on their dependencies. Is there anything else you would like to know?
How do I use CMake with the `make` build system?
To use CMake with the `make` build system, you need to create a CMake configuration file called `CMakeLists.txt` in the root of your project directory. This file should contain the instructions for building your project using CMake. Once you have created the `CMakeLists.txt` file, you can use CMake to generate a Makefile for your project. To do this, open a terminal or command prompt, navigate to your project directory, and run the command `cmake.`. This will generate a Makefile in your project directory. You can then use the `make` command to build your project using the generated Makefile. Is there anything else you would like to know?
How do I create a CMakeLists.txt file?
To create a `CMakeLists.txt` file, you can use any text editor to create a new file called `CMakeLists.txt` in the root of your project directory. This file should contain the instructions for building your project using CMake. CMake uses a simple scripting language to specify the build instructions. Here is an example `CMakeLists.txt` file for a simple C++ project:
```
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(MyProject)
add_executable(MyExecutable main.cpp)
```
This `CMakeLists.txt` file specifies that the minimum required version of CMake is 3.10, the name of the project is `MyProject`, and an executable called `MyExecutable` should be created from the source file `main.cpp`. You can add more instructions to this file to specify additional build options, dependencies, and target files. Is there anything else you would like to know?
What are some other build systems?
There are many build systems available for building software. Some popular build systems include:
- `make`: A widely used build system for Unix-like systems.
- `Ninja`: A small build system focused on speed.
- `MSBuild`: The build system used by Microsoft Visual Studio.
- `Xcode`: The build system used by Apple's Xcode IDE.
- `Maven`: A build system for Java projects.
- `Gradle`: A build system for Java, Android, and other projects.
CMake can generate build files for many of these build systems, allowing you to use CMake to manage your project's build process while still using your preferred build system. Is there anything else you would like to know?
How do I extend CMake to support a new language?
CMake can be extended to support new languages using custom modules. A CMake module is a file that contains CMake commands and macros that can be included in your `CMakeLists.txt` file to add new functionality. To add support for a new language, you can create a custom module that defines the necessary commands and macros for compiling and linking files written in that language.
Once you have created the custom module, you can include it in your `CMakeLists.txt` file using the `include()` command. This will make the commands and macros defined in the module available for use in your `CMakeLists.txt` file. You can then use these commands and macros to specify how to compile and link files written in the new language.
Adding support for a new language in CMake can be a complex task and may require a good understanding of CMake's scripting language and build process. The CMake documentation provides more information on creating custom modules and extending CMake's functionality. Is there anything else you would like to know?
What are some common CMake commands?
Here are some common CMake commands that you might find useful when working with CMake:
- `cmake_minimum_required`: Specifies the minimum required version of CMake for the project.
- `project`: Sets the name and version of the project.
- `add_executable`: Adds an executable target to the project.
- `add_library`: Adds a library target to the project.
- `target_link_libraries`: Specifies libraries to link with a target.
- `find_package`: Finds and loads settings for an external package.
- `include_directories`: Adds directories to the search path for include files.
- `set`: Sets the value of a variable.
- `message`: Prints a message to the console.
These are just a few of the many commands available in CMake. You can find more information on these and other CMake commands in the CMake documentation. Is there anything else you would like to know?